Options for Vineyards: Reworking, Top-grafting, Replanting or Removing

Abstract

Australian vineyards are undergoing significant change driven by economic pressure, ageing infrastructure, declining vine health and shifting market demands. Many plantings from the 1990s–2000s are now experiencing reduced yields, trunk disease, virus incidence, and structural deterioration. This comprehensive management guide outlines four primary redevelopment pathways for vineyards: reworking, top-grafting, replanting, and complete removal. The guide describes how to assess vineyard suitability, determine trigger points for action, evaluate financial and strategic considerations, and match redevelopment options to regional and climatic conditions. Detailed technical advice is provided on reworking and top-grafting techniques; managing vine health, trunk disease and young vine establishment; and selecting planting material and rootstocks. Case studies from NSW illustrate practical outcomes and cost considerations for each option. The publication also addresses broader industry challenges such as grape oversupply, vineyard abandonment, biosecurity obligations, and disposal of CCA-treated trellis posts.